Okonomiyaki Osaka - How to make a perfect Okonomiyaki

Osaka style Okonomiyaki is found throughout Japan and famous among first time visitors especially around Kansai area. The dish is affordable and I love to visit the Okonomiyaki restaurant as and when I step foot in Kansai. The staff is usually very skillful and service oriented that makes our stay each and every time pleasant. I happen to visit the Okonomiyaki restaurant last week, summer heat and lots of guests patronizing the restaurant. Some Okonomiyaki restaurants are grill-it-yourself establishments, where the server produces a bowl of raw ingredients that the customer mixes and grills at tables fitted with Teppan, or special hotplates. They may also have a diner-style counter where the cook prepares the dish in front of the customers.

When served with a layer of fried noodles (either yakisoba or udon), the resulting dish is called modan-yaki (モダン焼き), the name of which may be derived from the English word "modern" or as a contraction of mori dakusan(盛りだくさん?), meaning "a lot" or "piled high" signifying the volume of food from having both noodles and okonomiyaki.

Negiyaki (ねぎ焼き?) is a thinner variation of okonomiyaki made with a great deal of scallions, comparable to Korean pajeon and Chinese green onion pancakes.

Essential Ingredients of Okonomiyaki:

about 1/2 a large cabbage
2 cups flour (I use self-raising, my mother says plain flour)
2 2/3 cups water
4 eggs
2 tsp dashi powder (can be replaced by chicken stock powder)
Okonomi Sauce or Tonkatsu Sauce

Other ingredients than can be used:

About 6-8 short-cut bacon rashers (Thinly sliced pork is better but it's a little difficult to get in Australian supermarkets)
1 Tbsp beni-shouga (pickled ginger) chopped finely
1 large negi (shallots/scallions/spring onions) sliced thinly,
Japanese Mayonnaise
10g Katsuo-bushi
Ao-nori
Oil

Finely slice cabbage. (After slicing, bruising it by squeezing in your hands also helps soften it)

Mix flour, water, eggs in a large mixing bowl. Mix in dashi, pickled ginger and some negi. Add cabbage and combine well.

Heat a little oil in a frypan. Spoon Cabbage into the frypan, to make a circle about 22cm(9in) across and 1.5cm(3/4in) thick. Make sure there's enough batter to hold it together. Neaten the edges by using a spatula to push in the edges and any cabbage or batter that's sticking out.

Place thinly sliced pork on top (or bacon).

Cook over med-low heat about 5 min. Flip, then cook another 3-5 min. When cooked through, turn onto a plate, meat side UP. Spread sauce generously on top. Decorate with Mayonnaise, Katsuobushi and Ao-nori. Done!

How was Okonomiyaki invented ?

Okonomiyaki was invented in Japan prior to World War II and evolved and became popular during and after the war. The earliest origins of a basic crepe-like pancake date back to the Edo period (1683-1868) period where these were a special desert served at Buddhist ceremonies called Funoyaki. This then evolved during the Meiji period (1868-1912) into a sweeter dish called Sukesoyaki. During the 20's and 30's the dish continued to evolve with more emphasis put on the sauces added and the name Yoshokuyaki began to be used. The name Okonomiyaki started in the late 30's in Osaka. 

In Hiroshima at this time a similar crepe-like food was popular - it was topped with onions, folded over, and served to children as a snack item. Okonomiyaki, in it's different variations, started to become more popular during the war when rice became scarce and residents had to be creative in using other more readily available ingredients. The simple wheat pancake fit the bill and during and after the war, people started to add more ingredients such as eggs, pork, and cabbage. A restaurant from Osaka claims to have been the first to add Mayonnaise in 1946.

The Secret Recipe of Making Chawanmushi

When making chawanmushi, how do you ensure that the toppings stay suspended in the egg custard rather than sinking to the bottom?

If you want the toppings to stay visible above the custard, steam the egg over two times, first steam half of the egg mixture, then place the toppings on top before pouring in more egg mixture to steam for a further 2 to 3 minutes.

The recipe for this dish is very similar to that of Chinese steamed eggs, but sometimes the toppings may differ. The great thing about this recipe is that Chawanmushi can be eaten either hot or cold.

                                                  Ingredients:

2 ½ cups water

1 small handful bonito flakes

80g chicken breast meat

some fish meat

4 eggs

some fish cakes

some ginko nuts

dash of salt

a little potato starch

½ tbsp. water

Method:

1. Bring water to a boil, turn off the heat and steep bonito flakes in the water. Discard bonito when it sinks to the bottom of the pot. Strain the dashi and leave to cool.

2. Cut chicken meat into slices and mix well with seasonings together with the fish meat. Set aside for ten minutes, then scald briefly in boiling water.

3. Beat egg with a dash of salt, add dashi (amount of dashi is double the volume of the eggs) and mix well. Strain mixture into small cups or bowls. Divide the ingredients into the individual cups.

4. Cover with cling wrap and steam over low heat until the egg custard is set.

Lastly, some additional tips:
Do not beat the eggs too hard until the mixture turns foamy
For a smooth texture, stain the egg mixture
To allow the egg to cook faster, preheat the small cups or bowls before pouring in the egg mixture.

Enjoy your meal and don’t forget this recipe!